The Israeli Home Front Command was created in February 1992 following the Gulf War. The law also establishes the civil defense service, mandates the construction and upkeep of shelters in homes, residential buildings and factories, allows the state to make use of private equipment and humanpower for emergency situations, defines a civil state of alert and lays down rules regarding the use of hazardous materials. The law requires shelters to be built in all homes, residential and industrial buildings. The 1951 civil defense law, revised several times since then, legislates matters pertaining to civil defense. Institutions and legal frameworks 1951 civil defense law Perceived threats that have not materialized to date include sustained interruption of the economy, nuclear attack from Iran, and chemical or biological attack from Iraq or elsewhere. Threats have originated in all countries and territories bordering Israel (the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt), as well as Iraq, and an Israeli civil airliner was attacked with missiles in Kenya. Civil defense in Israel deals with a variety of military and terrorist threats to the civilian population, which have included concealed bombs such as suicide bombings and car bombs, projectiles such as missiles, rockets and mortars, and hijacking of aircraft, buses and buildings.
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